Articles from the firm on criminal law, with particular attention to cybercrime, electronic evidence and criminal defence.
See our criminal law service →Slander and libel on social media in Spain, articles 205 to 216 of the Criminal Code, the querella and prior conciliation, what it costs and how to remove the post.
Read article →Fast-track trial for assault under art. 147 of the Spanish Criminal Code, minor or less serious offence, penalties, one-third plea discount, self-defence and damages.
Read article →Theft, robbery or fraud under the Criminal Code, where to report, your right to an interpreter and a translated copy, and how to recover money from abroad.
Read article →What a gender violence complaint sets in motion in Spain, the protection order within 72 hours, the fast-track trial and the penalties, for complainant and accused.
Read article →Burglary of a dwelling or usurpation, what the police can do on day one, the owner's legal routes with their timescales, and what you must never do.
Read article →Where to report a lost or stolen DNI, what the report achieves, the fines under LO 4/2015 and how to defend yourself if debts are taken out with your ID.
Read article →Criminal defense lawyer in Spain for foreigners: rights on arrest, free interpreter, consulate, EU arrest warrant and the risk of expulsion after a conviction.
Read article →What a workplace harassment complaint achieves in Spain, which evidence counts, what to claim from the employer and the deadline that kills a retaliatory dismissal claim.
Read article →Online harassment, a fake profile with your photos or threats to post them. Which offence applies, the penalties, how to report and what protection exists.
Read article →Which offence it is, where to report it and with what evidence, what you can demand from Meta, X or Discord, and who is liable if your contacts were scammed.
Read article →Your CaixaBank account was emptied after a fake text. What to do in the first hours, the offence involved and when the bank must refund the money.
Read article →Time limits to claim, the offence of computer fraud and its penalties, what to do in the first hours and when Santander is obliged to refund the money.
Read article →What BBVA must refund after an unauthorised transfer, what to do in the first hours, the offence committed and what happens if the criminal case is shelved.
Read article →Usurpation under Article 245, when police may act without a court order, which civil route fits a commercial unit depending on who is inside, and what not to do.
Read article →Not paying a debt is not a crime in Spain. Fraud, concealment of assets and unpaid maintenance are. Penalties, limitation periods and what to do.
Read article →Unauthorised access under article 197 bis, computer damage, limitation periods, what evidence to keep before changing your password and how to report it in Spain.
Read article →Usurpation of civil status, fraud and disclosure of secrets, which evidence counts, what to do about a debt in your name and credit blacklists, deadlines and damages.
Read article →How the text impersonating Spain's Social Security works, which offence it is, what to do in the first hours and when the bank must refund the charges.
Read article →The reverse Bizum request, the transfer sent by mistake and second-hand sales. When the bank must refund, the penalties and what to do in the first hours.
Read article →What offence the fake Tax Agency refund text is, how to spot it, what to do in the first hours and what you can recover if you paid or gave your details.
Read article →The DGT never notifies or collects fines by text with a link. The offence, how to check for a real fine, what to do if you paid and who refunds you.
Read article →A text or call impersonating Revolut. How to spot it, what to do in the first hours, the criminal complaint for fraud and when the bank must refund you.
Read article →How to spot the text or call impersonating Kutxabank, what to do in the first hours if you gave your credentials or made a payment, and when you need a lawyer.
Read article →How to spot the text or call impersonating Unicaja, what to do in the first minutes, the offence of fraud and when the bank must refund the money.
Read article →How to spot the text or call impersonating Bankinter, what to do in the first hours if you gave your codes and when the bank must refund the money.
Read article →How to spot the text or call impersonating Openbank, what is a crime, what to do in the first hours and what you can recover if you gave away your codes.
Read article →A text or call claiming to be from ING. How to spot the impersonation, what to do in the first hours, the fraud offence and when the bank must refund you.
Read article →How to spot the fake text or call impersonating Banco Sabadell, what to do in the first hours and what you can recover if you gave your codes or paid.
Read article →A text or call impersonating CaixaBank, blocked account or unrecognised charge. How to spot it, what to do today and when the bank must refund the money.
Read article →Texts and calls impersonating Santander, how to spot them, the offence of fraud, what to do in the first hours and when the bank must refund you.
Read article →How to spot the text or call impersonating BBVA, what to do in the first hours, getting the money refunded and the fraud offence under article 248.
Read article →Serious and minor threats, coercion, blackmail and extortion under the Spanish Criminal Code, how messages are proved, what follows a complaint in Spain and compensation.
Read article →Rental deposit fraud in Spain under Article 248 of the Criminal Code: deadlines running from the payment, what each payment method lets you recover and how to check the owner.
Read article →What CEO fraud is under Spanish law, why Spanish banks refuse a refund, when they are liable anyway and what to do in the first hours to recover the money.
Read article →Who bears the loss in a Vinted scam in Spain, what buyer protection really covers, fraud under article 248 of the Spanish Criminal Code and what to do with a fake.
Read article →Scammed on Wallapop in Spain: what you recover depending on how you paid, fraud under the Spanish Criminal Code, how a seller is traced from a username or IBAN, and what follows a complaint.
Read article →Spain's criminal alcohol limit, penalties under article 379 of the Spanish Criminal Code, refusing the test, the fast-track trial, plea deal, suspended sentence and licence.
Read article →Voice cloning fraud under Spanish law: the penalty, what to do in the first hours if you already paid a Spanish account, and how the money is recovered.
Read article →Computer fraud under the Spanish Criminal Code, when a Spanish bank must refund an unauthorised transaction, what to do in the first hours and time limits.
Read article →What counts as a criminal record in Spain, when it can be expunged depending on the sentence (art. 136 of the Spanish Criminal Code), the requirements and how to apply.
Read article →What happens when you are investigated in Spain for child sexual abuse material, your rights, and why these cases turn on the computer forensics.
Read article →What offence sextortion is under Spanish law, why you must not pay or delete anything, how to preserve the evidence and how to report in Spain.
Read article →Breaking and entering or usurpation under Spanish law, the criminal or the civil route, eviction, and what an owner in Spain must never do so as not to be the one reported.
Read article →What protects you in Spain from the moment you report it: the protection order (art. 544 ter LECrim), free legal aid, and the measures on the children and the home.
Read article →Reported for gender violence in Spain: arrest, questioning, the restraining order, the effect on custody, and how the accused is defended under Spanish law.
Read article →You're summoned to a minor-offence trial in Spain and told it's nothing. It isn't: it can leave a criminal record and goes ahead without you.
Read article →The fake Abanca 'security department' calls and pressures you into moving your money or reading out a code. How this Spanish bank phone fraud works and what to do.
Read article →In a Spanish minor-offence trial everything is decided in a single hearing and on the evidence, and a poorly handled complaint can turn against you. What's at stake and why going alone is a risk.
Read article →A text impersonating Correos, the Spanish postal service, asks you to pay a fee for a parcel and slip in your card details. How to recognise the scam and what to do.
Read article →A text message impersonating Abanca, a Spanish bank, warns of a charge or a blocked account and asks for your login details. Why it is smishing and what to do now.
Read article →A text or call impersonating your Spanish bank can empty your account in minutes. We explain how to recognise the fraud and what to do straight away under Spanish law.
Read article →In Spain, sharing intimate images without consent is a crime (Article 197.7 Criminal Code), even if the recording was consented. Removal, conviction, compensation, protection.
Read article →Online harassment can be a crime in Spain. The protection a victim can obtain: an end to it, a restraining order, a conviction and compensation.
Read article →Summoned or arrested in Spain over an alleged cybercrime? What is at stake, why you should not make a statement without a lawyer, and how it is defended.
Read article →An analysis of whether biometric unlocking (fingerprint, Face ID) of a device is covered by the right against self-incrimination (Arts. 17.3 and 24.2 of the Spanish Constitution), and when the judicial police need aut...
Read article →A legal-technical guide to requesting, by court order, the positioning data (LCS services and GMLC/SMLC network elements) stored by a mobile operator, and how it fits within Art. 588 septies b of the Spanish Criminal ...
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